A Crucial Element of Democracy

This is a blog by Robert Gutierrez ...
While often taken for granted, civics education plays a crucial role in a democracy like ours. This Blog is dedicated to enticing its readers into taking an active role in the formulation of the civics curriculum found in their local schools. In order to do this, the Blog is offering a newer way to look at civics education, a newer construct - liberated federalism or federation theory. Daniel Elazar defines federalism as "the mode of political organization that unites separate polities within an overarching political system by distributing power among general and constituent governments in a manner designed to protect the existence and authority of both." It depends on its citizens acting in certain ways which Elazar calls federalism's processes. Federation theory, as applied to civics curriculum, has a set of aims. They are:
*Teach a view of government as a supra federated institution of society in which collective interests of the commonwealth are protected and advanced.
*Teach the philosophical basis of government's role as guardian of the grand partnership of citizens at both levels of individuals and associations of political and social intercourse.
*Convey the need of government to engender levels of support promoting a general sense of obligation and duty toward agreed upon goals and processes aimed at advancing the common betterment.
*Establish and justify a political morality which includes a process to assess whether that morality meets the needs of changing times while holding true to federalist values.
*Emphasize the integrity of the individual both in terms of liberty and equity in which each citizen is a member of a compacted arrangement and whose role is legally, politically, and socially congruent with the spirit of the Bill of Rights.
*Find a balance between a respect for national expertise and an encouragement of local, unsophisticated participation in policy decision-making and implementation.
Your input, as to the content of this Blog, is encouraged through this Blog directly or the Blog's email address: gravitascivics@gmail.com .
NOTE: This blog has led to the publication of a book. The title of that book is TOWARD A FEDERATED NATION: IMPLEMENTING NATIONAL CIVICS STANDARDS and it is available through Amazon in both ebook and paperback versions.

Friday, August 16, 2019

BUCK UP AND FLY STRAIGHT


When one considers how much of one’s thinking occurs in the application and manipulation of metaphors, one should be in awe or, at least, wonderment.  The force of metaphors is no more strident and consequential than when they relate to politics.  This blog has addressed this topic on previous occasions.  One writer this site has counted on is George Lakoff.[1]
          In a previous posting, “A Non-Rod Sparing Zone” (December 12, 2017),[2] it introduces Lakoff’s description of a powerful metaphor, the “strict-father” image that promotes discipline, via the use of punishment.  The political connection, Lakoff explains, is how this image, in its more intense forms leads people to adopt conservative dispositions in how they view various social conditions.  This view is particularly extended in terms of issues involving the poor or lower classes.
          The direct target, of course, is welfare programs.  The metaphor begins with a sense – an assumption – that the world is a dangerous and uncompromising place.  To be equipped to meet its challenges, one is best armed with a discipline that promotes hard work, a no-nonsense outlook toward social landscapes, and if necessary, any nurturing of a young person should be within narrow parameters.
          That earlier posting described those parameters as:
One, nurturing is never coddling and, two, never trumps punishment when an offense is detected.  And whether the punishment or nurturing is being administered, the aim is to instill self-reliance.  Progress is defined as the development of a person who does not have to count on anyone for survival – in reality, an impossible aim.  But the parenting encourages one to opt for this fantasy.
It further encourages a view that failure reflects some personality or otherwise character flaw.  It means that the person did not, in his/her formative years, receive appropriate and sufficient punishment – usually of the corporal variety – and now the real world should administer what was missed in an earlier time.
Yes, one can attribute much of the prevalence of this perspective to religious-Calvinist origins.
          Central to the metaphor is strength.  Strict upbringings promote strength.  Coddling promotes weakness.  And further, strength relates to moral uprightness; weakness relates to immoral degradation.  And when one introduces this sense of morality/immorality, then such thinking ups the stakes.  So, in politics, one’s support or antagonism according to this view crosses over to what can be tolerated in terms of public policy.
          Here are other related notions and emotions as they relate to teaching a younger generation:
Courage:  the self-defining quality that deems if one will stand up to those debilitating realities that are alluring but will prove self-destructive and of mortal danger.  Courage needs to be imparted with appropriate socializing to those one cares for or is commissioned to protect.
Will:  the internal fortitude to feign off evil or immorality for the advancement of one’s charges for the sake of a supernatural force (God) and/or for one’s long-term benefit.
Checked emotions (particularly anger):  the shunning of sentimentality for those persons or conditions that gnaw at rectitude to maintain the good and/or the faith.
Checked self-indulgence:  the ability to not succumb to immediate gratification; one can list the seven deadly sins as being the sources of such indulgences.  Each has a countervailing virtue.  They are greed-charity, lust-chastity, gluttony-temperance, sloth-industry, pride-modesty, envy-satisfaction with one’s position, and anger-calmness.
          All of this leads to a set of views about the world and the nature of morality.  They include a non-nuanced view of the world as being good or evil.  To win the battle over evil, a person needs to be strong.  Being strong calls on being self-disciplined through self-denial.  Otherwise, if one is weak, he/she will surrender to evil and commit immoral acts.  Therefore, not engaging in those practices that lead to strength (self-denial), in the face of a corrupt world, is immoral. 
It stands to reason, public policy that in anyway rewards this path to evil, is likewise evil.  Evil is reified under this strain of thought.  It spills over to pass judgement on a slew of social policies that in anyway reflects an “understanding” of human frailties.  That would include counter-opioid protocols that provide medication-assisted treatment, MAT.  These MATs have proven to have significantly higher rates of success than non-MAT treatments, such as 12-step programs, but, under the above notions of evil, they are compromises of the good.
Language that supports this strict perspective includes terms such as “upright,” “backbone,” “stand up to” and on the other side “fall.”  Again, the prevailing sense of strength and anti-weakness runs through the language of like-minded people.  And the natural disposition of people – due to some idea of an original sin – is to sin, to be weak, to shirk responsibilities one associates with being moral.  Therefore, one needs to be taught – through “strict father” strategies – to be moral. 
And those who ascribe to this line of feeling and thinking harbor a strong sense of moral authority – which will be addressed the next time this topic pops up in this blog.  But before leaving this concern, a word about the implications for civics should be added.  They are a bit complicated and not all intuitively derived.
Schools – especially public schools – pose an inherent danger to this outlook.  After all, in public schools, unless the communities they serve are homogeneous populations, expose impressionable young ones to those kids not being socialized under the auspices of strict-father morality.  Afterall, with this view of morality, one tends to already view fellow humans in “us-them” terms.  If on no other basis, there is always the “us” (the moral people) vs. the “them” (the immoral people).
As already stated, though, this strict vision reflects conservative thinking.  But politically, one attribute – in terms of economic thinking – conservatives strongly support a natural rights mentality.  This leads to a meaningful contradiction that a creative civics teacher can use to have his/her students investigate the limits of this sort of thinking.
That is, conservatives while promoting a laissez-faire economic doctrine – everyone do his/her own thing – favor strong social restraints – e.g., anti-abortion policies.  Sometimes this leads to inconsistent policy promotions – freedom to express one’s messaging on social media (a laissez-faire stand relating to an economic enterprise) while promoting anti-pornography policy that would police what shows up on social media or online content in general.
This writer sees this contradiction as reflecting the general conservative line of thinking expressed by such writers as Jonah Goldberg.[3]  They stress the educational factors that need to take place in order to promote the discipline to overcome the natural tendencies of humans to be bad – anti social – but they promote at the same time a natural rights view.  In all that, there seems to be a deep inconsistency this writer cannot fully understand.  Maybe if this writer had had that creative civics teacher[4] in his younger days, it would all be clear.


[2] Robert Gutierrez, “A Non-Rod Sparing Zone,” Gravitas:  A Voice for Civics, December 12, 2017, accessed August 15, 2019, https://gravitascivics.blogspot.com/2017/12/a-non-rod-sparing-zone.html .

[3] Jonah Goldberg, Suicide of the West:  How the Rebirth of Tribalism, Populism, Nationalism, and Identity Politics Is Destroying American Democracy (New York, NY:  Crown Forum, 2018).

[4] Actually, this writer had in the twelfth grade – problems of American democracy class – the very excellent teacher, Brother Austin, F.S.C.  Brother Austin passed way before his time, but he is remembered fondly.

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