A Crucial Element of Democracy

This is a blog by Robert Gutierrez ...
While often taken for granted, civics education plays a crucial role in a democracy like ours. This Blog is dedicated to enticing its readers into taking an active role in the formulation of the civics curriculum found in their local schools. In order to do this, the Blog is offering a newer way to look at civics education, a newer construct - liberated federalism or federation theory. Daniel Elazar defines federalism as "the mode of political organization that unites separate polities within an overarching political system by distributing power among general and constituent governments in a manner designed to protect the existence and authority of both." It depends on its citizens acting in certain ways which Elazar calls federalism's processes. Federation theory, as applied to civics curriculum, has a set of aims. They are:
*Teach a view of government as a supra federated institution of society in which collective interests of the commonwealth are protected and advanced.
*Teach the philosophical basis of government's role as guardian of the grand partnership of citizens at both levels of individuals and associations of political and social intercourse.
*Convey the need of government to engender levels of support promoting a general sense of obligation and duty toward agreed upon goals and processes aimed at advancing the common betterment.
*Establish and justify a political morality which includes a process to assess whether that morality meets the needs of changing times while holding true to federalist values.
*Emphasize the integrity of the individual both in terms of liberty and equity in which each citizen is a member of a compacted arrangement and whose role is legally, politically, and socially congruent with the spirit of the Bill of Rights.
*Find a balance between a respect for national expertise and an encouragement of local, unsophisticated participation in policy decision-making and implementation.
Your input, as to the content of this Blog, is encouraged through this Blog directly or the Blog's email address: gravitascivics@gmail.com .
NOTE: This blog has led to the publication of a book. The title of that book is TOWARD A FEDERATED NATION: IMPLEMENTING NATIONAL CIVICS STANDARDS and it is available through Amazon in both ebook and paperback versions.

Tuesday, June 2, 2015

WHAT GOES ON THERE?

I have written of “rules of thumb” before.  I called them the product of heuristic thinking.  They are based on experience and, by and large, are usually true.  Here’s a rule of thumb, a prescriptive rule of thumb:  all non-profit organizations should have total transparency.  In order to get the tax benefits they enjoy, they should conduct their affairs totally in the open.  This goes for charities and community based efforts to improve local conditions and for churches.  And here’s a bit of further advice:  don’t give to any organization, no matter how beneficial its work might be, unless it has an open door policy as to its records and its communication.  The proviso is that such openness needs to respect the day-to-day practical demands of the organization’s operations; you wouldn’t be able to interfere with an activity simply because you need to see the previous day’s phone logs, for example.

As it is, there is little oversight of the operations.  Here is one account of the current conditions:
Last week federal authorities disclosed that four cancer charities had bilked tens of millions of dollars from donors.  Questions continue to surface about the lack of transparency at the Clinton Foundation.  Philanthropy, we’re learning, is a world with too much secrecy and too little oversight.  Despite its increasing role in American society, from education to the arts to the media, perhaps no sector is less accountable to outsiders.[1]

Solution?  Stop donating to organizations that don’t open up their records.  After all, these are not competitive businesses that have proprietary secrets concerning marketing strategies or product development.  They are organizations that might compete for donation dollars, but that sort of competition is not to bolster profits.  They are, instead, meant to help needy populations.  Openness, of course, would discourage if not make impossible mal accumulation from or spending of civic-minded contributors.  It would also discourage undue influence for political purposes that some donations might allow.  One gives a donation to someone’s foundations in hopes of incurring political favor.  Along with openness would be a prohibition of shell organizations that are set up to hide the identification of donors.

Now let me focus on the Catholic Church.  I am currently reading the accounts of the Vatican Bank in Rome.[2]  I will not make any accusations as to the intent of obvious abuses of the bank that stretch back to the 1970s.  That run of fraudulent activity that the Church’s bank was associated with could have been avoided if the Church’s dealings had been transparent.  The space here does not allow for a rundown of the felonious acts involved, but they are even linked to murders and suicides.  At best, church officials were incompetent in what they were doing, but even this could have been ferreted out if the Church had not been so secretive.  Adding to the interwoven nature of the illegal activities was the immunity the Church enjoys because the Vatican has sovereignty – it is an independent state.  Giving to the Church in Rome is like giving to the sovereign state of France or Switzerland.  One should ponder how healthy such giving is.  In any event, the Church’s “divine” mission was highly compromised by what eventually came to light as a result of the investigations that followed its financial activities of that era.

So a rule of thumb should be:  don’t give any donation to a non-profit organization that will not open up its books to the public.  Exception:  political parties and campaigns.  Why?  They are in competition and their strategies are compromised if they cannot maintain secrecy.  Also, donations to those organized entities are not tax deductible.  How about a list of their contributors, though?  Oh yeah; they should also be open to public inspection.



[1] Callahan, D.  (2015).  Who will watch the charities?  The New York Times, May 31, (Sunday Review section), p. 4.

[2] Posner, G.  (2015).  God’s bankers:  A history of money and power at the Vatican.  New York, NY:  Simon and Schuster

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