A Crucial Element of Democracy

This is a blog by Robert Gutierrez ...
While often taken for granted, civics education plays a crucial role in a democracy like ours. This Blog is dedicated to enticing its readers into taking an active role in the formulation of the civics curriculum found in their local schools. In order to do this, the Blog is offering a newer way to look at civics education, a newer construct - liberated federalism or federation theory. Daniel Elazar defines federalism as "the mode of political organization that unites separate polities within an overarching political system by distributing power among general and constituent governments in a manner designed to protect the existence and authority of both." It depends on its citizens acting in certain ways which Elazar calls federalism's processes. Federation theory, as applied to civics curriculum, has a set of aims. They are:
*Teach a view of government as a supra federated institution of society in which collective interests of the commonwealth are protected and advanced.
*Teach the philosophical basis of government's role as guardian of the grand partnership of citizens at both levels of individuals and associations of political and social intercourse.
*Convey the need of government to engender levels of support promoting a general sense of obligation and duty toward agreed upon goals and processes aimed at advancing the common betterment.
*Establish and justify a political morality which includes a process to assess whether that morality meets the needs of changing times while holding true to federalist values.
*Emphasize the integrity of the individual both in terms of liberty and equity in which each citizen is a member of a compacted arrangement and whose role is legally, politically, and socially congruent with the spirit of the Bill of Rights.
*Find a balance between a respect for national expertise and an encouragement of local, unsophisticated participation in policy decision-making and implementation.
Your input, as to the content of this Blog, is encouraged through this Blog directly or the Blog's email address: gravitascivics@gmail.com .
NOTE: This blog has led to the publication of a book. The title of that book is TOWARD A FEDERATED NATION: IMPLEMENTING NATIONAL CIVICS STANDARDS and it is available through Amazon in both ebook and paperback versions.

Friday, June 9, 2023

JUDGING LIBERATED FEDERALISM, I

 

This posting begins this blogger’s account of the liberated federalist construct.  These upcoming postings are termed to be judgments.  Usually, this blogger prefaced these “judging” postings for the other constructs (e.g., the natural rights construct) with an editorial message that what was presented in the posting was done so in terms of how an advocate of the construct under consideration would argue for that construct.  In the case of liberated federalism, this blogger happens to be an advocate; hence the message is not needed. 

So, with this posting, this blog begins its “judging” of liberated federalism by addressing the first of the upcoming divisional categories (identified in the last posting), that of subject matter.  In terms of this category, the liberated federalist approach would argue the following:

 

·       It teaches the view of government as a supra federalist institution of society in which collective interests of the commonwealth are protected and advanced.

·       It teaches the philosophical basis of government’s role as guardian of the grand partnership of citizens at both the individual and associational levels of social and political intercourse.

·       It conveys the needs of government to engender levels of support that promote a general sense of obligation and duty toward goals and processes aimed at advancing the agreed upon proposals which are aimed at the betterment of the commonwealth.

·       It establishes and justifies a political morality, including a process to assess that morality in relation to the changing times.

·       It emphasizes the integrity of the individual in liberty and equity within a compact-al arrangement and congruent with the spirit of the Bill of Rights.

·       It points out a preference for local unsophisticated decision-making to detached professional expertise, but with an appreciation for national resources, national federalist values, and legitimate national interests (including appropriate expertise when the conditions demand it).  This is a highly nuanced claim.

 

By accomplishing these objectives, the liberated federalist argument believes that the subject matter of government and civics will be presented in such a way that advances good citizenship and social capital.

          The above elements reflect dualities or balances between forces that either focus political studies at local communal levels or at national levels.  This synthesis – recall that this is a synthesis between the dominant view of natural rights and its main challenging view, critical theory – in which liberated federalism is both concerned with the dignity of the individual and with the troubling arguments that critical theorists present about exploitive relationships within the nation.

          It is also sensitive to the dichotomy of parochial federalist ideals – concerning localism – and the realities of national forces that originally were introduced with industrialization in the 1800s and have only intensified in the ensuing years. 

The argument here is not to reestablish parochial federalism as a guiding construct regarding the nation’s governance and politics, but to incorporate the concerns for individualism and communalism to the degree that a federalist approach can accommodate the current cultural proclivities concerning individuals’ and communal needs while still being of use to educators and others in today’s world – all of this will be explained.

          What is presented in the following postings will be a true synthesis of not only two opposing constructs – natural rights and critical theory – but of the American tradition regarding its governance and politics.  And this effort begins with this posting and, more substantially, with the next posting which will highlight the subject matter  by addressing assumptions regarding decision-making, central to the subject of civics education.

Tuesday, June 6, 2023

A PROTOCOL FOR JUDGING LIBERATED FEDERALISM

 

In the upcoming postings, this blog will describe and explain the mental construct, liberated federalism.  It will do so from the perspective of an advocate – which happens to be true in the case of this blogger.  The last posting gave a hint as to how this reporting will be organized by sharing the main categorical divisions the text will employ to present this judgment of the construct; that is, the commonplaces of curriculum offered by Joseph Schwab and reported by William Schubert.[1]  They are subject matter, learner, teacher, and milieu.

          Each of these divisional categories will be introduced and generally explained and then further divided into subcategories.  In the case of subject matter, the subcategories are assumptions regarding decision-making, the discipline of political science, elements of a liberated federalist model, viability of the liberated federalism construct, and applied methodology.

          The category, student, will be divided into the following subcategories:  personal student interests, social student interests, economic student interests, and pedagogic student interests.  The category, teacher, will be divided into the subcategories, teacher receptiveness and factors of receptiveness.  And the category, milieu, will be divided into subcategories, expectations of schools, schools’ socio-economic base, and youth culture.

          Each of these subcategories is identified from the process of applying, through analysis, Aristotle’s categories of causation as also suggested by Schwab.[2]  Throughout these organizational divisions, Aristotle’s categories of causation will be used to engender specific questions of inquiry.  They include the state of affairs, interactions, situational insights, and the capacity to act morally.

          Each of these can be described as follows:

 

·       The state of affairs refers to the actual conditions found at school sites as opposed to abstracted or hypothesized relationships between or among factors or variables.  Of particular concern will be dilemmas caused by adherence to one construct as opposed to any other.  Here, a “picture” of sorts will be presented – at least that is the aim.

·       Interactions refers to social encounters affected by respective constructs – in this case liberated federalism.

·       Situational insights are interpretations of encounters gleaned from analysis(es) of practice.

·       Capacity to act morally will be assessments of practices as judged according to good citizenship and social capital as defined by liberated federalism.

 

These categories will be used freely to suggest questions for the analysis of the purposes this review highlights.

          And by way of further introducing this construct – in using everyday language – the following summary is offered.  Whereas natural rights – the prevailing construct in America today – with the emphasis being on individually defined liberty (“I do what I want to do”) – and critical theory, the most vibrant challenge to natural rights – with the emphasis being on righting the wrongs befalling the perceived oppressed classes of people – liberated federalism focuses on the general welfare of society through the engagement of its citizens.

          In doing so, various aspects of governance and politics will be highlighted.  They include local political action, dignity of the individual, duties and responsibilities of individual citizens, and communal potential assets that need to be discovered, enhanced, and encouraged.  Hopefully, readers will find this line of thought to be legitimate and potentially a positive force.  Surely, the belief here is that it should be seriously considered as a guide to how the nation approaches civics education.



[1] William H. Schubert, Curriculum:  Perspective, Paradigm, and Possibility (New York, NY:  MacMillan Publishing Company, 1986).

[2] Ibid.