A Crucial Element of Democracy

This is a blog by Robert Gutierrez ...
While often taken for granted, civics education plays a crucial role in a democracy like ours. This Blog is dedicated to enticing its readers into taking an active role in the formulation of the civics curriculum found in their local schools. In order to do this, the Blog is offering a newer way to look at civics education, a newer construct - liberated federalism or federation theory. Daniel Elazar defines federalism as "the mode of political organization that unites separate polities within an overarching political system by distributing power among general and constituent governments in a manner designed to protect the existence and authority of both." It depends on its citizens acting in certain ways which Elazar calls federalism's processes. Federation theory, as applied to civics curriculum, has a set of aims. They are:
*Teach a view of government as a supra federated institution of society in which collective interests of the commonwealth are protected and advanced.
*Teach the philosophical basis of government's role as guardian of the grand partnership of citizens at both levels of individuals and associations of political and social intercourse.
*Convey the need of government to engender levels of support promoting a general sense of obligation and duty toward agreed upon goals and processes aimed at advancing the common betterment.
*Establish and justify a political morality which includes a process to assess whether that morality meets the needs of changing times while holding true to federalist values.
*Emphasize the integrity of the individual both in terms of liberty and equity in which each citizen is a member of a compacted arrangement and whose role is legally, politically, and socially congruent with the spirit of the Bill of Rights.
*Find a balance between a respect for national expertise and an encouragement of local, unsophisticated participation in policy decision-making and implementation.
Your input, as to the content of this Blog, is encouraged through this Blog directly or the Blog's email address: gravitascivics@gmail.com .
NOTE: This blog has led to the publication of a book. The title of that book is TOWARD A FEDERATED NATION: IMPLEMENTING NATIONAL CIVICS STANDARDS and it is available through Amazon in both ebook and paperback versions.

Friday, June 17, 2016

UNENDING, EMOTIONAL WANDERING

We often associate emotions with love.  When cultural messaging turns its focus on emotions, it is often regarding romance or other loving relations.  The prime example is popular music; love is the number one topic.  But, of course, there are many emotions ranging from the more blasé to the most dramatic.  Emotions can be so strong that we can’t seem to see anything other than what is stirring them.  Recently, we have experienced the product – the behavior – that extreme emotions can produce.  There was the killing of a young singer beginning her career, the extraordinary events in Orlando, Florida, and the assassination of a British Member of Parliament.  Of course, the past years have witnessed many such events, perpetrated by highly charged individuals.  With the recent record, one can easily be led to believe that emotions are the enemy; that we need to saddle our emotions and shroud their expressions.  We need to be more rational, objectifying our surroundings, calculating the pluses and minuses those surroundings offer, and arrive at cold conclusions.  I believe all that is a fool’s errand, an impossible aim.  Emotions are an integral part of our decision-making and we need to understand them as much as possible, not be bent on suppressing them.

David Brooks[1] shares with us a certain number of attributes that emotions have.  To begin, reason is ensconced in emotions.  Reason depends on emotions.  When we reason, we consider factual information.  Some of that information, to begin with, is about emotions – we “measure” those with whom we deal and by doing so, we formulate opinions or conclusions about their emotions – “where they are coming from.”  But beyond that, our motivation to engage with others is initiated by emotions.  As a matter of fact, all behaviors are initiated by emotions; we want before we act.  It is emotions that attribute value to things and people.  Those emotions can range from positive ones to negative ones and at extreme levels in both directions, sometimes at the same time.  Brooks states, “The human mind can be pragmatic because deep down it is romantic.”[2]

How should we see this relationship between emotions and reason; how do they function in the mind?  Brooks indicates that the best way to imagine this cauldron of mental forces is to see it as a complex array of pressures, reactions, sensations.  These, in turn, at any given point are vying for influential power in whatever is being considered both at the conscious or subconscious levels – actually more is going on at the subconscious levels due to the enormous amounts of information the subconscious deals with, while the conscious is relatively small in its ability to process information.  The mind is best seen as a conflicted arena, not a town square where reasoned discussion takes place.  The “we” or “me” in this reality, Brooks points out, is best seen as a wanderer traveling through this mayhem.

The “me” travels as a pilgrim across this landscape.  We observe the goings-on and make valuations.  In doing so, we gather information, make judgements, form priorities, and the like.  Through an unmeasurable number of judgements, our mind comes to certain conclusions.  These include a series of goals, ambitions, desires, and what we consider prudent as in the best way to do things.  All of this, upon reflection, makes us amazed that our minds can produce such results.  It is also done in remarkable time; mostly done in moments.  There are, of course, those times when the stakes are perceived as high and the process takes longer.  We wish, at times, that a decision could be avoided or passed on to others.  Our wandering solicits inadequate information or an insufficient amount of information.  It turns out that we don’t know a lot.  Or more to the point, our mind cannot settle on what we want – what our emotions are – and given the nature of what is happening mentally, it is a wonder that this is not the case more often.  And all of this happens in a maturing mind; it “grows” in terms of information or more sophisticated emotions.  It is not as if we are born with an unchanging set of emotional vistas – to carry on with the wanderer analogy – that eventually becomes familiar.  It is said that self-discovery is one of the most challenging journeys anyone takes.  Well, given the image presented above, we can see why.



[1] Brooks, D.  (2011).  The social animal:  The hidden sources of love, character, and achievement.  New York, NY:  Random House.

[2] Ibid., p. 21.

No comments:

Post a Comment