A Crucial Element of Democracy

This is a blog by Robert Gutierrez ...
While often taken for granted, civics education plays a crucial role in a democracy like ours. This Blog is dedicated to enticing its readers into taking an active role in the formulation of the civics curriculum found in their local schools. In order to do this, the Blog is offering a newer way to look at civics education, a newer construct - liberated federalism or federation theory. Daniel Elazar defines federalism as "the mode of political organization that unites separate polities within an overarching political system by distributing power among general and constituent governments in a manner designed to protect the existence and authority of both." It depends on its citizens acting in certain ways which Elazar calls federalism's processes. Federation theory, as applied to civics curriculum, has a set of aims. They are:
*Teach a view of government as a supra federated institution of society in which collective interests of the commonwealth are protected and advanced.
*Teach the philosophical basis of government's role as guardian of the grand partnership of citizens at both levels of individuals and associations of political and social intercourse.
*Convey the need of government to engender levels of support promoting a general sense of obligation and duty toward agreed upon goals and processes aimed at advancing the common betterment.
*Establish and justify a political morality which includes a process to assess whether that morality meets the needs of changing times while holding true to federalist values.
*Emphasize the integrity of the individual both in terms of liberty and equity in which each citizen is a member of a compacted arrangement and whose role is legally, politically, and socially congruent with the spirit of the Bill of Rights.
*Find a balance between a respect for national expertise and an encouragement of local, unsophisticated participation in policy decision-making and implementation.
Your input, as to the content of this Blog, is encouraged through this Blog directly or the Blog's email address: gravitascivics@gmail.com .
NOTE: This blog has led to the publication of a book. The title of that book is TOWARD A FEDERATED NATION: IMPLEMENTING NATIONAL CIVICS STANDARDS and it is available through Amazon in both ebook and paperback versions.

Tuesday, September 26, 2023

“STUDENT” AS A COMMONPLACE, IV

 

By way of reviewing William Schubert’s commonplaces of curriculum development, this blog to date, in describing the commonplace, the student, has addressed students’ personal and social interests.  This posting looks at students’ economic interests.  This is a moving target since the economy regularly changes.  But if one picks a particular time – one that has come and gone – readers can see what happened and gain a sense of how a particular approach or view of curriculum affects this area of concern.

          So, in this blog’s effort to describe and explain how liberated federalism, an approach to civics education, affects students’ interests, this posting addresses the economic interests of students of another time.  In this posting, that time is (was) the years leading up to the 2008 economic meltdown that the US and the world market economies experienced.  That resulted from the highly irresponsible behavior in the housing market and almost resulted in a world depression.

As it was, it did lead to a recession that just fell short of being a depression.  Of interest here are the years preceding that downturn.  And with that backdrop, this posting utilizes some of the ideas this blog shared with its treatment of the parochial/traditional federalist view.  That treatment outlined the reasons why a federalist approach would be useful for the economic interests of students, and they are not diminished in the liberated federalist approach, the approach currently being highlighted. 

To summarize that argument, it was pointed out that the general prosperity that the United States economy had been enjoying was the product of the productivity gains made by the nation’s producers.  That productivity advancement was basically the result of the downsizing among the nation’s larger corporations, which had allowed prices to become more globally competitive. 

But this has been accomplished at a price, especially in the years leading up to the ’08 recession.  Despite improvements, the average standard of living had been declining in this nation since 1973.[1]  The same downsizing that caused extensive layoffs, though, was opening opportunities for smaller, service-based businesses to spring up.  These operations provided employment for many displaced workers, but at substantially lower wages. 

Michael Sandel pointed out that an early, in part, politically motivated aim of Americans was to own their own businesses.[2]  Besides the financial motivations, Americans saw owning one’s own business (the aim was mostly limited to white males) as providing greater control in their lives.  At that time, from 1973-2008, that very spirit could, and to a great degree, did become popular again.

The republican based notions of being that sort of independent participant in the make-up of a community was and is congruent with the notion that within the proposed model, liberated federalism, an individual has or should have constitutional integrity.  Any quality that adds to individuals being in control of their lives adds to the integrity of those participants.  In addition, a heightened economic interest, caused by ownership of a business, increases the concerns within individuals for the welfare of the community where such businesses are situated. 

Any businesses are advanced by positive conditions in their immediate environments.  In return, the polity which governs those communities and businesses is also helped by the increased attention that business owners express toward the welfare of the community as demonstrated by their own actions.  In addition, students who are exposed to this federalist/republican way of thought might be encouraged to advance their interests in a more entrepreneurial climate. 

Short of such a direct ambition, the liberated federalist model provides students with an ideal that is a morally based tool by which to analyze the actions of businesses in their political activities (politically being used in its most extensive meaning).  As businesses engage in socially effective ways, students who are taught about government under the construct proposed in this account will be encouraged and prepared to ask penetrating questions of those political actions and actors.  This is in their economic, as well as political interests.

While the economy today has veered away from the conditions of 2008 and the years following that meltdown, one can appreciate the challenges average Americans faced at that time.  Whether or not this move toward owning small businesses was viable or prudent, one can still ascertain how federalist thought can affect the way people see their options and opportunities.  To generalize, one can easily appreciate how strong ties to one’s local social/political realities can be of benefit to the economic interests one might have.

A liberated federalist model looks back and gives readers a responsible review of how that model’s approach can potentially address the economic interests of students.  Next, this blog will directly address the political interests of students.



[1] Robert Reich, The Work of Nations:  Preparing Ourselves for the 21st-Century Capitalism (New York, NY:  Vintage Books, 1992).

[2] Michael J. Sandel, Democracy’s Discontent:  America in Search of a Public Philosophy (Cambridge, MA:  The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1996).

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